Mercury intoxication

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Mercury intoxication
Mercury Poisoning, Mercury can be found in the form of a single liquid metal at room temperature, can easily evaporate. Unreacted metallic mercury (elemental mercury), inorganic and organic mercury compounds are used in paper, leather, paint industry and in electrical appliances, batteries, thermometers and similar measuring instruments, as antiseptic, in dentistry amalgam manufacturing. It is also widely used in the electrolysis step in the manufacture of mercury, chloride and caustic substances and in the multiplication of gold. Marine organisms may accumulate biologically methyl mercury, and mercury poisoning may occur as a result of their consumption.

The mechanism of toxic effect differs according to the chemical composition of the toxic effect of the bolt and the encounter situation. Elemental mercury is first absorbed in the form of inhalation by evaporation. Poisoning occurs most often due to the inhalation of metallic mercury vapor. The elemental bolt raises the amount of evaporation. Thermometers have mercury. Because the vapor is colorless and odorless, its presence may not be noticed.

The mercury enters the association with sulfhydryl groups in the organism, destroys the enzyme activity and causes cell death. Elemental mercury can also be absorbed through the skin. Inorganic mercury salts are absorbed and can also be absorbed in a gastrinting fashion. It is stored in the liver and kidney, does not pass into the central nervous system and the placenta in significant amounts. Organic mercury compounds  are absorbed primarily in the gastrointestinal tract and pass easily through the lipid mem- branes. They multiply in the blood cells, liver, kidney and central nervous system and turn into inorganic mercury component. inorganic and aryl organic mercurial bodies are excreted as urine and feces.

The toxic amount is 10 mg / m3, which is the ratio of metallic mercury vapor to urgent life threat. The highest mercury (vapor) rate allowed in the environment is 0.1 mg / m3. Mercury chloride is the most toxic combination of inorganic mercury. When taken orally, 0.5-2 g causes death. The lethal amount of organic pollens is 10-60 mg. Chronic consumption of 10 micrograms is toxic to the nervous system and reproductive system.

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Symptoms and Findings;
Oral consumption of mercury salts may cause hyperthermia, abdominal cramps, bloody diarrhea, hemorrhagic ulcers and necrosis in the digestive tract. Oral consumption of metallic cigarette is very slow and the absorption of metallic cigarette in the bulb thermometer and amalgam is very slow and does not cause acute poisoning unless it causes weight loss in the digestive tract motility which will delay the fecal release.

Acute metallic mercury inhalation, first fever, headache and muscle pain, burning in the mouth and throat, gingivostomatitis, metal taste in the mouth, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and abdominal cramps. Metallic mercury vapor is absorbed easily from the lungs and goes to the brain. Central nervous system manifestations such as tremor, excess irritability, forgetfulness, weakness and visual impairment occur. It should be kept in mind that acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) may develop within the first 4 hours. Fatal chemical pneumonia and cardiogenic lung edema may occur, acute kidney and liver damage may occur infrequently.
Chronic mercury inhalation:
Chronic poisoning may cause permanent damage to the nervous system and kidneys. Especially industrial workers are in danger. Among the more common findings are irritability, delirium, neurasthenia and eretism as neurological disorders.

Nevrasteni : Fatigue, depression, headache and impaired concentration.
Eretism : Easy embarrassment, characterized by shyness.
In the kidneys, proximal tubule damage may be seen, oliguria, anuria, uremia, proteinuria, bicarbonate depletion, and nephrotic syndrome may arise. Gingivostomatitis can cause metallic taste mucosal ulcers. Rarely, muscle appears paralyzed. These findings should be carefully checked at workplace physicians. The mercury passes through the placenta and the fetus can be adversely affected in pregnancies encountering chronic with very small proportions.